Lidocaine ampoules 2% 2ml №100

Lidocaine

Release form

Injection.

Mechanism of action

Lidocaine It is a local anesthetic that also has antiarrhythmic activity.

Assign with all types of local anesthesia: infiltration, conductive and superficial. The anesthetic effect of lidocaine hydrochloride is 2-6 times stronger than Novocaine.

The drug blocks the flow of sodium ions in myocardial cells and suppresses the automatism of ectopic foci, acts faster and longer. Reduces the effective refractory period, significantly reduces the amplitude of the action potential of myocardial cells.

It has a weak effect on the electrophysiological properties of the atria and therefore is ineffective with atrial forms of cardiac arrhythmias. The drug has little effect on hemodynamics, only in large doses inhibits myocardial contractility and intracardiac conduction.

Indications

• prevention and treatment of ventricular arrhythmias (ventricular extrasystoles, ventricular paroxysmal tachycardia) associated with the acute phase of myocardial infarction, other forms of coronary artery disease, and also caused by drugs (cardiac glycosides).

Local anesthesia: superficial, infiltration, conduction, epidural, spinal, intraralgamental with surgical interventions,painful manipulations, endoscopic and instrumental studies.

In dental practice, oral surgery:

• opening of superficial abscesses;
• removal of moving loose teeth;
• removal of bone fragments and suturing the wounds of the mucous membranes;
• gum anesthesia for fixing the crown or bridge;
• manual or instrumental removal (or excision) of the enlarged papilla of the tongue;
• to reduce or suppress the increased pharyngeal reflex in preparation for X-ray examination;
• anesthesia for excision of superficial benign tumors of the oral mucosa;
• in children, for frenuloctomy and opening of cysts of the salivary glands.

In ENT practice:

• before electrocoagulation (in the treatment of nasal bleeding), septectomy and resection of nasal polyps;
• before tonsillectomy to reduce the pharyngeal reflex and anesthetize the injection site;
• as an additional anesthetic before opening the peritonsular abscess or before the puncture of the maxillary sinus;
• anesthesia before washing the sinuses.

With endoscopy and instrumental examinations:

• anesthesia before the introduction through the nose or mouth of various probes (duodenal probe, before the fractional food test);
• anesthesia before rectoscopy and in case of catheter replacement.

In obstetrics and gynecology:

• perineal anesthesia for the treatment and / or episiotomy;
• anesthesia of the surgical field in vaginal or cervical surgery;
• anesthesia for excision and in the treatment of rupture of the hymen;
• anesthesia with suturing abscesses.

In dermatology:

• anesthesia of mucous membranes with minor surgical interventions.

Contraindications

• weakness of the sinus node in elderly patients,
• intracardiac block II-III degree except when a probe is inserted to stimulate the ventricles),
• pronounced bradycardia,
• cardiogenic shock, t
• severe liver function disorder,
• increased individual sensitivity to lidocaine hydrochloride.

Use during pregnancy and lactation

During pregnancy and breastfeeding is possible if the expected effect of therapy outweighs the potential risk to the fetus and child.

special instructions

It is used with caution in patients with impaired liver function, circulatory failure, arterial hypotension, renal failure, epilepsy. In these cases, a reduction in the dose of the drug is required.

With rapid intravenous administration, a sharp decrease in blood pressure and the development of collapse can occur.

In these cases, mezaton, ephedrine and other vasoconstrictor agents are used. Lidocaine solutions should be gently injected into highly vascularized tissues to avoid getting the drug into the vessel lumen (for example, in the neck area during thyroid surgery) (in such cases, smaller doses of lidocaine are shown.

With extreme caution should use the drug in the presence of injuries of the mucous membranes,with mental retardation, as well as very old and / or weakened patients who are already receiving drugs like lidocaine for cardiac problems.

In dentistry and orthopedics, the drug should be used only with elastic impression materials.
Avoid contact with the aerosol or contact with eyes; it is important to prevent the aerosol from entering the respiratory tract (risk of aspiration). Applying the drug on the back of the pharynx requires special care. It should be remembered that lidocaine suppresses the pharyngeal reflex and inhibits the cough reflex, which can lead to aspiration, bronchopneumonia.

Use in pediatrics
It should be borne in mind that in children the swallowing reflex occurs much more often than in adults.
Lidocaine aerosol is not recommended for local anesthesia before tonsillectomy and adenotomy inchildren under the age of 8 years.

Influence on ability to drive motor transport and control mechanisms
If the side effects after use of the drug do not cause discomfort, there are no restrictions for driving vehicles and controlling mechanisms.

Composition

1 ml containslidocaine hydrochloride 20 mg;
Excipients: sodium chloride - 6 mg, sodium hydroxide, 1 M solution to pH 5.0 - 7.0 water for injection 

Dosage and administration

Lidocaine enter n / a, in / m, in / in.

Forlocal conduction anesthesia The usual dose is from 5 ml to 10 ml of a 2% solution of lidocaine. Foranesthesia of the brachial and sacral plexus enter 5-10 ml of 2% solution.

Forfinger anesthesia apply from 2 ml to 3 ml of 2% solution. The maximum dose of a 2% Lidocaine solution is 10 ml, this dose should not be re-administered for 24 hours. With local anesthesia, the drug should be injected into highly vascularized tissues carefully to avoid getting into the bloodstream. Before the introduction of lidocaine in high doses, the appointment of barbiturates is recommended.

When applied incardiology administered in / in, a single dose of 1-2 mg / kg of body weight and can be up to 100 mg. This dose can be re-administered every 3-4 minutes to a total dose of 300 mg.

In / drip injected at a dose of 20-55 mg / kg / min, but not more than 2 mg / min in isotonic or in Ringer's solution. To / in the drip introduction go only after the jet. Duration in / in drip is 24-36 hours.

V / m is administered in a dose of 2-4 mg / kg of body weight in the gluteal or deltoid muscle at intervals from 4 h to 6 h. The single dose should not exceed 200 mg.

Atmyocardial infarction Before transporting the patient to the hospital, Lidocaine is injected intramuscularly at a dose of 4 mg / kg as a single prophylactic dose (from 200 to 300 mg maximum).

With the help of a soaked tampon, the preparation can be applied to large surfaces.
Children under 2 years old It is preferable to use the preparation by applying a tampon, which allows you to avoid the fear that appears during spraying, as well as the burning sensation.

For patients with hepatic and / or heart failure A dose reduction of 40% is recommended.

Side effects

From the side of the central nervous system: headaches, dizziness, drowsiness, anxiety, euphoria, tinnitus, numbness of the tongue and mucous membrane of the mouth, speech and vision problems are possible.

Since the cardiovascular system: at higher doses arterial hypotension, collapse, bradycardia, conduction disorders are possible.

Allergic reactions: rarely - rash, itching, exfoliative dermatitis, anaphylactic shock, hyperthermia.

Local reactions: feeling of light burning, which disappears as the anesthetic effect develops (within 1 min).

Drug interaction

It is undesirable to combine lidocaine with the following drugs:

With beta-blockers due to the enhanced toxic properties of lidocaine, with digitoxin due to a weakening of the cardiotonic effect, with curariform drugs, muscle relaxation is enhanced.

It is unreasonable to prescribe lidocaine together with aymalin, Amiodarone , Verapamil or quinidine due to increased cardiodepressive action.

The combined use of lidocaine and procainamide can cause excitation of the central nervous system, hallucinations.

With intravenous administration of hexenal or thiopental sodium, against the background of the action of lidocaine, respiratory depression is possible.

Under the influence of MAO inhibitions, the local anesthetic action of lidocaine is likely to increase. Patients taking MAO inhibitors should not be given lidocaine parenterally.

With the simultaneous appointment of lidocaine and polymyxin-B may increase the inhibitory effect on neuromuscular transmission, so in this case it is necessary to monitor the respiratory function of the patient.

With simultaneous use of lidocaine with sleeping pills or sedatives, it is possible to enhance their inhibitory effect on the central nervous system. Intravenous administration of lidocaine to patients taking cimetidine may have undesirable effects such as stupor, drowsiness, bradycardia, parasthesia, etc. inactivation in the liver. If necessary, the combination therapy with these drugs should reduce the dose of lidocaine.

Pharmaceutical Interaction
With simultaneous use of the following drugs increase the concentration of lidocaine in serum: Aminazine , cimetidine, propranolol, pethidine, bupivacaine, quinidine, disopyramide, Amitriptyline , imipramine, nortriptyline.

Overdose

Symptoms: initial signs of intoxication - dizziness, nausea, vomiting, euphoria, asthenia, lowering blood pressure; then - convulsions of the facial muscles, tonic-clonic convulsions of skeletal muscles, psychomotor agitation, bradycardia, collapse; when used in childbirth in a newborn - bradycardia, depression of the respiratory center, respiratory arrest.

Treatment: when the first signs of intoxication appear, the administration is stopped, the patient is transferred to the horizontal position; prescribe inhalation of oxygen. When convulsions - intravenous 10 mg of diazepam.In bradycardia, m-anticholinergics (atropine), vasoconstrictors (norepinephrine, phenylephrine). It is possible to conduct intubation, artificial ventilation, resuscitation. Dialysis is ineffective.

Storage conditions

In a dry dark place.

Packaging

100 ampoules of 2 ml.