Metronidazole pills 250mg №24

Dosage form

pills

Composition

1 pill contains metronidazole 0,25g

Packaging

24 pieces

Mechanism of action

Metronidazole is an antiprotozoal and antimicrobial drug, a derivative of 5-nitroimidazole. The mechanism of action consists in the biochemical reduction of 5-nitro groups by intracellular transport proteins of anaerobic microorganisms and protozoa. The restored 5-nitro group interacts with the DNA of microbial cells, inhibiting the synthesis of their nucleic acids, which leads to the death of bacteria.
A drug active in relation to: Trichomonas vaginalis, Entamoeba histolytica, Gardnerella vaginalis, Giardia intestinalis, Lamblia spp.; anaerobic bacteria: Bacteroides spp. (including Bacteroides fragilis, Bacteroides distasonis, Bacteroides ovatus, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, Bacteroides vulgatus), Fusobacterium spp., Veillonella spp., Prevotella spp. (Prevotella bivia, Prevotella buccae, Prevotella disiens), Eubacterium spp., Clostridium spp., Peptococcus spp., Peptostreptococcus spp. The MIC for these strains is 0.125-6.25 mcg / ml.
In combination with Amoxicillin, it is active against Helicobacter pylori (amoxicillin inhibits the development of metronidazole resistance).
To drug are resistant aerobic microorganisms and facultative anaerobes, but in the presence of mixed flora (aerobic and anaerobic) metronidazole acts synergistically with antibiotics that are effective against aerobes.
The drug increases the sensitivity of tumors to radiation, has a disulfiram-like effect, stimulates reparative processes.

Indications and usage

- protozoal infections (extraintestinal amebiasis / includingliver abscess /, intestinal amebiasis, trichomoniasis, balantidiasis, giardiasis (giardiasis), cutaneous leishmaniasis, trichomonas vaginitis, trichomonas urethritis);
- infections caused by Bacteroides spp., Incl. Bacteroides fragilis, Bacteroides distasonis, Bacteroides ovatus, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, Bacteroides vulgatus (infections of bones and joints, infections of the central nervous system / including meningitis, brain abscess), bacterial endocarditis, pneumonia, empiema and abscess, abscess of the brain, abscess of the brain /, bacterial endocarditis, pneumonia, empiema and abscess, and abscess of the brain, abscess of the brain /, bacterial endocarditis, pneumonia, empiema and abscess of the brain, abscess of the brain
- infections caused by Bacteroides spp. (including Bacteroides fragilis), Clostridium spp., Peptococcus spp., Peptostreptococcus spp. (infections of the abdominal cavity / peritonitis, abscess of the liver), infections of the pelvic organs / endometritis, endomyometritis, abscess of the fallopian tubes and ovaries, infections of the vaginal fornix after surgical interventions /, infections of the skin and soft tissues);
- sepsis caused by Bacteroides spp. (including Bacteroides fragilis) and Clostridium spp.;
- pseudomembranous colitis (associated with the use of antibiotics);
- gastritis or duodenal ulcer associated with Helicobacter pylori;
- alcoholism;
- as a radiosensitizing agent for radiation therapy (in cases where tumor resistance is due to hypoxia in the tumor cells);
- prevention of postoperative infections (especially after operations on the colon, near-rectal area, appendectomy, gynecological interventions).

Contraindications

- leukopenia (including in history);
- organic lesions of the central nervous system;
- epilepsy;
- liver failure (when using the drug in high doses);
- pregnancy (I term);
- lactation (breastfeeding);
- Hypersensitivity to the drug.

Dosage and administration

When amebiasis Metronidazole is prescribed inside for adults for 7 days, 1.5 g per day in 3 doses;
for children 30-40 mg / kg per day, also in 3 doses
With giardiasis the drug is prescribed for 5 days - for adults 750-1000 mg per day, children 2-5 years old 250 mg per day, children 5-10 years old - 375 mg per day, children 10-15 years old - 500 mg per day. Take after meals 2-3 times a day.
With trichomoniasis in women (urethritis and vaginitis) Metronidazole is administered once a dose of 2 g or as a course of treatment for 10 days: 1 pill (250 mg), 2 times a day. In parallel with oral administration, it is prescribed in the evening with 1 vaginal suppository or a vaginal pill containing 250 mg of metronidazole.
To exclude possible reinfection, it is necessary to treat simultaneously sexual partners.
The course of treatment is repeated if necessary after 4-6 weeks.
With trichomoniasis in men (urethritis) Metronidazole is administered once at a dose of 2 g or as a course of treatment for 10 days, 1 pill (250 mg), 2 times a day.
When nonspecific vaginitis apply 500 mg Metronidazole 2 times a day for 7 days.
In the treatment of anaerobic infections for adults prescribe Metronidazole 1-1.5 g per day,
for children - at the rate of 20-30 mg / kg per day.

Adverse reactions

Gastrointestinal: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, intestinal colic, constipation, metallic taste in the mouth, dry mouth, glossitis, stomatitis, pancreatitis.
Nervous system: dizziness, incoordination, ataxia, confusion, irritability, depression,irritability, weakness, insomnia, headache, convulsions, hallucinations, peripheral neuropathy.
Urogenital: dysuria, cystitis, polyuria, urinary incontinence, urine staining in red-brown color.
Allergic reactions: skin rash, urticaria, skin flushing, nasal congestion, fever, arthralgia.

It should be borne in mind that in the period of use of the drug ethanol is contraindicated because may develop disulfiramopodobnoy reaction (spastic abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, headache, sudden rush of blood to the face).
With prolonged therapy should monitor the blood picture.
In case of leukopenia, the possibility of continuing treatment depends on the risk of developing an infectious process.
With the development of neurological symptoms should stop using the drug.
When treating Trichomonas vaginitis in women and Trichomonas urethritis in men, it is necessary to abstain from sex. Simultaneous treatment of sexual partners is required. During menstruation, treatment should continue. After the end of treatment for trichomoniasis, follow-up studies should be carried out for 3 regular cycles before and after menstruation.
After termination of giardiasis treatment (if symptoms persist), after 3–4 weeks, 3 stool tests should be performed at intervals of several days (in some successfully treated patients, lactose intolerance caused by invasion may persist for several weeks or months, recalling the symptoms of giardiasis).
The drug can immobilize treponema and lead to a false-positive Nelson test.
It is not recommended to combine with non-depolarizing muscle relaxants (for example, vecuronium bromide).
Use in pediatrics
It is not recommended to use the drug in combination with amoxicillin in patients younger than 18 years old.

Drug Interactions

With simultaneous use of metronidazole with indirect anticoagulants, an increase in the time of formation of prothrombin is noted.
With the simultaneous use of metronidazole with lithium salt preparations, it is possible to increase the concentration of lithium in the blood plasma and develop intoxication symptoms.
With simultaneous use with cimetidine, inhibition of metronidazole metabolism is noted, which can lead to an increase in plasma plasma metronidazole concentration and an increased risk of adverse reactions.
With simultaneous use with metronidazole of drugs that stimulate the enzymes of microsomal oxidation in the liver (phenytoin, phenobarbital), the excretion of metronidazole can be accelerated, as a result of which its concentration in blood plasma decreases.
Sulfonamides enhance the antimicrobial action of metronidazole.
With simultaneous use with ethanol, the development of disulfiram-like reactions is noted.

Store in a dark, out of reach of children at a temperature of 15 ° to 25 ° C.