Acyclovir pills 200mg №25

Acyclovir - an antiviral (antiherpetic) agent for external use - a synthetic analogue of thymidine nucleoside, which is a natural component of DNA.
In infected cells containing viral thymidine kinase, phosphorylation occurs and monophosphate is converted to Acyclovir. Under the influence of acyclovir guanylate cyclase, monophosphate is converted to diphosphate and under the action of several cellular enzymes into triphosphate. High selectivity of action and low toxicity for humans are due to the lack of the necessary enzyme for the formation of acyclovir triphosphate in intact cells of the microorganism.

Acyclovir triphosphate inhibits the synthesis (replication) of virus DNA by three mechanisms: 1) competitively replaces deoxyguanosine triphosphate in DNA synthesis; 2) "embedded" in the synthesized DNA chain and stops its elongation; 3) inhibits the enzyme DNA polymerase viruses. As a result, viral reproduction in the human body is disturbed.
The specificity and very high selectivity of action are also due to its predominant accumulation in cells affected by the herpes virus.
Highly active against Herpes simplex type 1 and type 2 viruses; varicella-zoster virus (Varicella zoster); Epstein-Barr virus (types of viruses are listed in increasing order of minimum overwhelming acyclovir concentration).

Moderately active against cytomegalovirus.
When herpes prevents the formation of new elements of the rash, reduces the likelihood of skin dissemination and visceral complications, accelerates the formation of crusts, reduces pain in the acute phase of herpes zoster. It has an immunostimulating effect.

Indications

Treatment and prevention of infections caused by Herpes simplex viruses types 1 and 2 and Varicella zoster:

• simple herpes of the skin and mucous membranes (primary and recurrent);
• genital herpes (primary and recurrent);
• shingles (shingles);
• chicken pox (in the first 24 hours after the appearance of a typical rash);
• in patients with severe immunodeficiency (including after transplantation, when taking immunosuppressive drugs, in HIV-infected patients, during chemotherapy).

Contraindications

• Hypersensitivity to acyclovir, ganciclovir or drug components;
• lactation period (breastfeeding).
• children's age up to 3 years.

WITH caution the drug should be prescribed for dehydration, renal failure, neurological disorders, incl. in the anamnesis.

Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Use of the drug during pregnancy is possible only in the case when the intended benefit to the mother outweighs the potential risk to the fetus.
Acyclovir penetrates the placental barrier and accumulates in breast milk. If you need to take acyclovir during lactation requires interruption of breastfeeding.

Caution should be given to Acyclovir in patients with impaired renal function in elderly patients due to an increase in the half-life of acyclovir.
When using the drug it is necessary to ensure the supply of a sufficient amount of liquid.
The effectiveness of treatment when applying the ointment will be the higher, the earlier it is started.
In patients with immunodeficiency with repeated repeated courses of treatment, viruses are sometimes resistant to acyclovir.
When taking the drug should monitor kidney function (blood urea and plasma creatinine).

Composition

1 pill contains:
active ingredient: acyclovir 200 mg.

Dosage and administration

Dosing regimen set individually depending on the severity of the disease.
In the treatment of infections of the skin and mucous membranes caused by the virus Herpes simplex type 1 and 2, adults and children over 2 years Acyclovir is prescribed 200 mg 5 times / day for 5 days at intervals of 4 hours during the day and with an interval of 8 hours at night. In more severe cases, the disease may increase the course of treatment.
As part of complex therapy for severe immunodeficiency, including with a developed clinical picture of HIV infection (including early clinical manifestations of HIV infection and the AIDS stage), after bone marrow implantation appoint 400 mg 5 times / day.
For the prevention of recurrence of infections caused by the virus Herpes simplex type 1 and 2, patients with normal immune status and with the relapse of the disease prescribed 200 mg 4 times / day every 6 hours
For the prevention of infections caused by the Herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2, adults and children over 2 years with immunodeficiency, the drug is prescribed 200 mg 4 times / day every 6 hours, the maximum dose is 400 mg 5 times / day.
When treating infections caused by the Varicella zoster virus, for adults prescribed 800 mg 5 times / day at intervals of 4 hours during the day and with an interval of 8 hours at night. Duration of treatment is 7-10 days. Children over 2 years old appoint 20 mg / kg of body weight 4 times / day for 5 days, children weighing more than 40 kg the drug is prescribed in the same dosage as an adult.

In the treatment of herpes zoster (Herpes zoster), for adults appoint 800 mg 4 times / day every 6 hours for 5 days. Children over 6 years old - 800 mg 4 times a day; 2-6 years - 400 mg 4 times a day; under 2 years old - 200 mg 4 times a day. More precisely, the dose can be determined at the rate of 20 mg / kg, but not more than 800 mg 4 times / day. The course of treatment is 5 days.
In patients with pronounced impaired renal function (CC) with treatment and prevention of infections caused by the Herpes simplex virus, the drug is prescribed 200 mg 2 times / day at intervals of 12 hours.
When treating infections caused by the Varicella zoster virus, In patients with QA, the drug is prescribed 800 mg 2 times / day at 12-hour intervals; at QC from 10 to 25 ml / min - 800 mg 3 times / day at intervals of 8 h.
The drug should be taken during or immediately after a meal and drink plenty of water.

Adverse reactions

Gastrointestinal: in rare cases - abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; rarely, transient increases in liver enzymes, hyperbilirubinemia.
Hemic and lymphatic: rarely - leukopenia, erythropenia.
From the side of the central nervous system: rarely - headache, weakness; in some cases - tremor, dizziness, fatigue, drowsiness, hallucinations.
Allergic reactions: skin rash; rarely - allergic dermatitis (when applying the ointment).
Other: rarely - alopecia, fever, increased levels of urea and creatinine.

Drug Interactions

With simultaneous use with probenecid, the average half-life increases and the clearance of acyclovir decreases.
When taken simultaneously with nephrotoxic drugs increases the risk of developing renal dysfunction.