Akvadetrim water solution 15000me/ml 10ml

Mechanism of action

The drug that regulates the metabolism of Calcium and phosphorus. Vitamin D₃ is an active anti-rachitic factor. The most important function of vitamin D is to regulate the metabolism of calcium and phosphate, which contributes to the mineralization and growth of the skeleton.
Vitamin D₃ is a natural form of vitamin D, which is formed in humans in the skin under the action of sunlight. Compared with vitamin D₂ characterized by a 25% higher activity.
Colecalciferol plays a significant role in the absorption of calcium and phosphate in the intestine, in the transport of mineral salts and in the process of bone calcification, and regulates the excretion of calcium and phosphate by the kidneys.
The concentration of calcium ions in the blood causes the maintenance of muscle tone of skeletal muscles, myocardial function, contributes to the conduct of nervous excitement, regulates the process of blood coagulation.
Vitamin D is necessary for the normal functioning of the parathyroid glands, is also involved in the functioning of the immune system, affecting the production of lymphokines.
Lack of vitamin D in food, impaired absorption, calcium deficiency, and insufficient exposure to sunlight during the period of rapid growth of the child leads to rickets, in adults - to osteomalacia, pregnant women may experience symptoms of tetany, impaired calcification of the bones of newborns.
Increased need for vitamin D occurs in women during menopause, because they often develop osteoporosis due to hormonal disorders.

Suction
An aqueous solution of colecalciferol is absorbed better than an oil solution (which is important when used in premature babies, because in this category of patients there is an insufficient formation and entry of bile into the intestine, which violates the absorption of Vitamins in the form of oil solutions).
After ingestion, colecalciferol is absorbed in the small intestine.
Distribution and metabolism
Metabolized in the liver and kidneys.
It penetrates the placental barrier. It is excreted in breast milk. Colecalciferol has cumulative properties.
Removal
T_1/2 is a few days. Excreted in the urine and feces.
Pharmacokinetics in special clinical situations
In case of kidney dysfunction T_1/2 may increase.

Indications and usage

Prevention and treatment:
- vitamin D deficiency;
- rickets and rickets-like diseases;
- hypocalcemic tetany;
- osteomalacia;
- metabolic osteopathies (hypoparathyroidism and pseudohypoparathyroidism).
Treatment of osteoporosis, incl. postmenopausal (as part of combination therapy).

Dose set individually, taking into account the amount of vitamin D, which the patient receives in the composition of the diet and in the form of drugs.
The drug is taken in 1 spoon of liquid (1 drop contains 500 IU of colecalciferol).
To accurately measure the dose of the drug, the bottle should be held at an angle of 45 °.
With the aim of prophylaxis full-term newborns from 3-4 weeks of age to 2-3 yearsWith proper care and sufficient exposure to fresh air, the drug is prescribed in a dose of 500-1000 IU (1-2 drops) / day.
Premature babies from 7-10 days of age, twins and children living in adverse conditions, designate 1000-1500 IU (2-3 drops) / day.
In the summer, the dose can be reduced to 500 IU (1 drop) / day.
Pregnant women 500 IU (1 drop) / day for the entire period of pregnancy, or 1000 IU / day, starting from the 28th week of pregnancy, are prescribed daily.
AT postmenopausal period appoint 500-1000 IU (1-2 drops) / day.
At rahite the drug is prescribed daily in a dose of 2000-5000 IU (4-10 drops) / day for 4-6 weeks depending on the severity of rickets and the course variant (in this case the patient’s clinical condition should be monitored and the biochemical parameters / calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phase should be investigated) / blood and urine). The initial dose is 2000 IU / day for 3-5 days, then, with good tolerance, the dose is increased to individual therapeutic (usually up to 3000 IU / day). A dose of 5000 IU / day is prescribed only for pronounced bone changes. If necessary, after 1 week break, the treatment can be repeated.
Treatment should be continued until a clear therapeutic effect is obtained, followed by a transition to a prophylactic dose of 500-1500 IU / day.
At treatment of rickets-like diseases appoint 20 000-30 000 IU (40-60 drops) / day, depending on the age, weight and severity of the disease under the control of biochemical blood parameters and urinalysis. The course of treatment is 4-6 weeks.
At treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis (as part of combination therapy) appoint 500-1000 IU (1-2 drops) / day.

Adverse reactions

When using the drug in recommended doses and in the absence of individual hypersensitivity, side effects were not detected.
Predisposed patients may appear symptoms of hypervitaminosis D: loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, headache, muscle and joint pain, constipation, dry mouth, polyuria, depression, mental disorders, loss of body weight, increased calcium in the blood and urine, the formation of kidney stones, calcification of soft tissues.

Contraindications

- hypervitaminosis D;
- hypercalcemia;
- hypercalciuria;
- formation of calcium kidney stones;
- sarcoidosis;
- renal failure;
- hypersensitivity to vitamin D₃ and other components of the drug (especially benzyl alcohol).

Pregnancy and breastfeeding

If you are pregnant, do not use high-dose Aquadietrim due to the possibility of teratogenic effects in case of overdose.
Caution should be prescribed Akvadetrim during lactation, because with the use of the drug in high doses in a nursing mother may develop symptoms of overdose in a child.

Be wary appoint the drug immobilized patients.
Use of the drug for therapeutic purposes in children must be carried out under close medical supervision and the dosage regimen must be adjusted during periodic examinations, especially in the first months of life.
In appointing the drug should take into account all possible sources of vitamin D.
Prolonged use of Akvadetrima in high doses or use of the drug in shock doses can lead to chronic hypervitaminosis D₃.
Do not use at the same time Akvadetrim and calcium in high doses.
Control of laboratory parameters
When using the drug for therapeutic purposes, it is necessary to control the level of calcium in the blood and urine.

Overdosage

Symptoms: loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, constipation, anxiety, thirst, polyuria, diarrhea, intestinal colic. Common symptoms are headache, muscle and joint pain, depression, mental disorders, ataxia, stupor, progressive loss of body weight. A renal failure with albuminuria, erythrocyturia and polyuria, increased potassium loss, hypostenuria, nocturia, and an increase in blood pressure develops.
In severe cases, opacification of the cornea is possible, less often - swelling of the papilla of the optic nerve, inflammation of the iris up to the development of cataracts. The formation of kidney stones, calcification of soft tissues, including blood vessels, heart, lungs, skin.
Rarely cholestatic jaundice develops.
Treatment: should interrupt the use of the drug. Assign a large amount of fluid intake. If necessary, hospitalization may be required.

Drug Interactions

With the simultaneous use of akvadetrima and thiazide diuretics increases the risk of hypercalcemia.
With the simultaneous use of Akvadetrima with antiepileptic drugs, rifampicin, Kolestiramine absorption of colecalferol is reduced.
The simultaneous use of akvadetrima with cardiac glycosides can enhance their toxic effect (increases the risk of developing heart rhythm disturbances).

The drug should be stored in a dark place at a temperature of 5 ° to 15 ° C.