Melilot herb 50g

Melilotus officinalis, biennial plant of the legume family (Fabaceae), up to 2 mg tall with a smell of coumarin. Stem (usually one) straight, branched, naked, slightly pubescent at the top. Leaves alternate, trifoliate with two lanceolate stipules, on long petioles. The flowers are yellow, small, moth, on short pedicels, collected in many-flowered axillary racemes (with 30-70 drooping flowers). Fruit - odnosemennoy, ovoid bean, with transverse wrinkles. Seeds are oval, green-yellow, smooth or finely tuberous. It blooms from June to September, the fruits ripen from July to late autumn. The tributary of medicinal seeds is propagated. In the territory of the CIS is found everywhere, often as a weed of grain crops and clover. The clover of medicinal grows on forest edges, in ravines, along roads, on upland meadows, in bushes on fresh and dry soils.
The generic name of the plant comes from the Greek Melilotus honey clover, as the tributary of medicinal attracts many bees.

. Medicinal raw material is the herb clover medicinal. It is harvested during flowering, cutting off knives tops and side shoots up to 30 cm long without thick and rough stems. You can not collect grass clover medicinal on the roadsides and near dirt roads, where it is covered with dust. Raw materials are harvested in dry weather, when the dew comes down, since being wet it warms very quickly and darkens. Raw materials are immediately sent for drying.

Dry the raw materials in attics with good ventilation or under canopies, spreading out a thin layer (up to 5-7 cm thick) on paper or fabric and turning over periodically. Drying is finished when the stems become brittle. You can not overdry raw materials, because then almost all the leaves are showered. Dryers are dried at a temperature not higher than 40 ° C. Shelf life of raw materials for 2 years. The smell of raw materials coumarin (smell of fresh hay), taste salty-bitter. Is subject to export.

. Melilotus herb contains coumarin (up to 0.9%), coumaric acid, dicumarol, melilotin, melodic acid, glycoside methylotozide, purine derivatives, fat-like substances, protein (17.6%), essential oil (0.01%), Ascorbic acid (up to 389 mg%), carotene (up to 84 mg%), vitamin E (more than 45 mg%). In the seeds found up to 42% fatty oil.

The aerial part contains: ash - 7.00%; macronutrients (mg / g): K - 24.10, Ca - 18.20, Mn - 3.00, Fe - 0.50; microelements (CBN): Мg - 0.12, Cu - 0.40, Zn - 0.35, Co-0.08, Mo - 11.20, St - 0.04, Al - 0.12, Ba - 0, 23, Se - 18.60, Ni - 0.19, Sr - 1.12, Pb - 0.09. B - 65.20 mcg / g. Not detected Cd, Li, Au, Ag, V, I, Br. Concentrates Fe, Sr, Mo, Se, especially Mo, Se.

Pharmacology

. The biological activity of the plant is determined by the presence of coumarin in it. Coumarin clover medicinal increases systolic blood pressure, increases the minute volume of the heart and the number of leukocytes in the blood, improves cerebral and peripheral blood supply and blood circulation of the abdominal cavity.

. There is information about the use of clover medicinal in India as an emollient, hemostatic agent; with flatulence. In Chinese medicine in training camp
- for the treatment of epidemic encephalitis.

Elevated part. In homeopathy - for the manufacture of essences; inside - with climacteric ailments and psychosis on the basis of hyperemia. In folk medicine - a laxative, included in emollient fees; with gynecological diseases; infusion, decoction with flatulence, diseases of the upper respiratory tract and lungs, hypertension, atherosclerosis; as an expectorant, sedative, diuretic, antibacterial, hypotensive, antispasmodic, analgesic. External infusion, decoction (baths, compresses, washing, poultices, lotions, ointments, patches) - as annoying, distracting, anti-inflammatory, cleansing, emollient; with abscesses, furunculosis, mastitis, articular rheumatism and malignant tumors. In Bulgaria, infusion, decoction - anticoagulant and fibrinolytic; with chronic bronchitis, cystitis, migraine, hypertension. In Poland - for insomnia, neurasthenia, for heart and headaches; outwardly - for the treatment of hemorrhoids. In Austria and Germany - with diseases of the stomach and bronchitis. In France, the decoction inside - antispasmodic and astringent; with gout.

Leaves. A tissue preparation "Meliocin" is proposed, the biostimulating effect of which is twice as high as that of aloe extract.

Flowers (fresh). Ointment (externally) - with boils, carbuncles to accelerate their maturation.

Dosage form

. Grass clover (Herba Meliloti) is part of the softening collection (tea) for poultice in clover plaster, which promotes resorption and opening of boils and tumors.
Infusion of medicinal tributary herb (infusum herbae Meliloti officinali): 10 g (2 tablespoons) of the raw material is placed in an enameled bowl, 200 ml of hot boiled water are poured, covered with a lid and heated in boiling water (in a water bath) for 15 minutes, cooled at room temperature 45 minutes, filter, wring out. The volume of the resulting infusion is brought to 200 ml with boiled water. The prepared infusion is stored in a cool place for no more than 2 days. Take 1 / 3-1 / 2 cup 2-3 times a day as an expectorant and anti-inflammatory agent.
* Decoction of the herb of the clover of medicinal: 10 g of raw material is poured 200 ml of water, boiled for 30 minutes, then filtered. Take 1 tablespoon 3 times a day.
* Ointment from fresh flowers of clover medicinal: 50-60 g of raw materials are carefully ground with 3 tablespoons of butter.

Contraindications

: in large doses, inhibits the central nervous system, adversely affects smooth muscles. With prolonged use and overdose it causes dizziness, headaches, nausea, vomiting, drowsiness, sometimes - liver damage, hemorrhages (under the skin, into muscles, internal organs) and even paralysis of the central nervous system. It can not be used during pregnancy, internal bleeding, low blood clotting. Therapeutic use of medicinal clover is possible only according to the purpose and under the supervision of the attending or local doctor.

Penetrating through the placenta, Dicoumarin can cause fatal bleeding in the fetus. Poisoning is especially dangerous when there is a lack of vitamin K in the diet. When poisoning, sick animals are given foods rich in vitamin K (alfalfa, clover hay, carrots, etc.). Cattle injected intramuscularly with 0.1-0.3 g of vitamin K and calcium-containing drugs (calcium gluconate, Calcium chloride).

. In the Caucasus, young roots are used as food raw or boiled, and the leaves as a culinary spice. Used to make green cheese. The leaves are used as a flavoring in the dairy, meat, fish, tobacco industry and the production of soft drinks. It is used for flavoring soap and as a fixative odor in the perfume and alcoholic beverage industry. Leaves in Tajikistan and in France - for dyeing fabrics in yellow color. Insecticide for moths, ratids.Feed for farm animals. Used for feeding livestock in the form of silage (fresh is badly eaten). In its nutritional value is not inferior to alfalfa. Good siderat - enriches the soil with nitrogen. Popular as a good reclamation of alkaline soils. It is established that after the medicinal clover increases the yield of tobacco. Occurs in culture. Medonos. Gives from one hectare to 300 (800) kg of honey, light amber, transparent, sweet, with a sharp aroma. Bred near apiaries, in special areas near the land, on the slopes of ravines.

. Seeds can be sown in several periods: in early spring, summer and winter, but early spring is considered the best term. To speed up the germination of seeds, they are soaked in water for 3-4 hours before sowing. After harvesting the precursors, the area is loosened to a depth of 4-6 cm, and after mass germination weeds are dug to a depth of 25-28 cm. Before sowing seeds, the soil is rolled. Seeds are sown to a depth of 1.5-2.0 cm with 60 cm row spacing. When spring sowing, seedlings appear after 2-3 weeks. With the advent of 2-4 true leaves, weeding, loosening and thinning plants, leaving them at a distance of 30 cm from each other. In the first year, the sweet clover blooms, but the fruits do not have time to ripen. In the second year, the growing season begins in early April.

Poisoning animals associated with feeding them spoiled hay or silage from the clover of the drug. When hay is decaying (under the action of mold fungi), poisonous dicoumarin is formed, which has an anticoagulant effect. Poisoning develops with a latent period of 3-5 days and is characterized by bleeding, hemorrhage, dyspeptic disorders, depression of liver function, hematuria, allergic reactions are possible.